This term, first appearing in The Doctrine of the Mean, a section of The Book of Rites, means pursuit of knowledge. This term and the concept of revering the virtuous nature of human beings are important to foster one' s virtue. According to The Doctrine of the Mean, moral cultivation requires both revering the heavenly bestowed virtuous nature of human beings and constant pursuit of knowledge. In the quest of knowledge, one should gain a thorough understanding of the teachings expounded in classics and apply them in daily life. In this way, one will turn these teachings into actual deeds of virtue.

Therefore, a man of virtue should revere the virtuous nature of human beings and constantly pursue knowledge. This way, he will acquire extensive knowledge and gain command of it in an in-depth way. He can thus reach mastery and observe the doctrine of the Mean. He can review what he has learned in the past and acquire new understanding of them. He will be honest and sincere by observing rites and etiquettes.

(The Book of Rites)