This concept, as opposed to “revere the fundamental and dismiss the specific,” originates in Wang Bi’s (226-249) interpretation of Laozi. The fundamental, namely, Dao, is shapeless and nameless, while the specific refers to natural shapes and names. The term “revere the fundamental and keep the specific unchanged” means giving full rein to Dao and void so that the nature emerges and stays active. Politically, this term means a sovereign should govern on the basis of Dao and do nothing that goes against nature. He should revere the fundamental to ensure that the people can lead their lives as dictated by their inherent nature.

Dao is adhered to in order to preserve all things. If the fundamental is revered and the specific is kept unchanged, then all tangible things will thrive and their names will remain, evil and wrong will not occur, great beauty will match the heaven, and vanity will not arise. (Wang Bi: Annotations on Laozi)