Although brothers may quarrel at home, they always stick
together to resist bullying by outsiders. This refers to people who have
internal conflicts and disputes can still put together to resist aggression. It
gives full expression to the desire of the Chinese people to stick together in
time of crisis. In modern times, this expression has been used to symbolize the
unity of Chinese nation when facing a survival crisis caused by foreign
aggression.
Fraternal duty is obedience to, and love and respect for one’s elder brother. To observe this, the younger brother must follow an elder brother’s guidance and orders. Fraternal duty should be rooted in the heartfelt love and respect for an elder brother. Confucians often speak of “fraternal duty” and “filial piety” together, believing that together they are the foundation for cultivating personal moral integrity, and are the basis for maintaining and strengthening family ethics, extending even to the political order.
This term refers to love for one’s kin and particularly for one’s parents. It is a natural affection, and it also refers to the way in which such feeling is expressed. Confucianism holds that such a love should also be extended to others so that it will foster public virtue. Excessive affection for one’s kin, however, can lead to favoritism in one’s conduct. So righteousness is proposed by Confucianism as a means to curb excessive love for one’s kin.