KEY CONCEPTS

TERMBASES

Know Others and Discuss Their World

This concept was coined by Mencius (372?-289BC), who advocated that one should make friends with a wide range of outstanding people. In addition to befriending contemporaries, one could also get acquainted with the ancients, reading the canonical texts left behind by them in order to understand their doctrines, ideas and views. In addition, he considered it necessary to “know others and discuss the circumstances they are in,” and on this basis to examine what kinds of people they were, so as to understand their theories and how they were influenced by the circumstances they lived in.

CITATION
1
Mencius said to Wan Zhang, “An accomplished person in a village shall make friends of other accomplished people in the village; the same is true with a state and the world. It is not enough for an accomplished person to build friendship with all other accomplished people. He should ascend to get to know the people of antiquity. He repeats their poems, and reads their books, but he does not know what they were as people. To ascertain this, he considers the circumstances they were in. This means to ascend and make friends of the people of antiquity.”
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